The time rate of change of displacement an object in a particular direction is called the velocity of the object.
Velocity = DIsplacement / Time taken
Types of velocity are given below
(i) Uniform Velocity If an object undergoes equal displacements in equal intervals of time, then it is said to be moving with unitorm velocity
(ii) Non-unitorm Velocity If an object undergoes unequal displacements in equal intervals of time, then it is said to be moving with a non-unitorm or variable velocity.
(iii) Average Velocity The ratio of the total
displacement to the total time taken by an object is called the average velocity of the object.
Average velocity = Total displacement / Total time taken
(iv) Instantaneous Velocity when an object is travelling with variable velocity, then its velocity at given instant of time is called as instantaneous velocity.
Acceleration
The time rate of change of velocity of an object is called the acceleration of the object.
Acceleration (a) = Change in velocity / Time taken
It is a vector quantity.
Types of acceleration are given below
(i) Uniform Acceleration An object is said to be moving with uniform acceleration, if its velocity changes by equal amounts in equal interval of time.
(ii) Non-Uniform Acceleration An object is said to be moving with a non-unitorm or variable acceleration, if its velocity changes by unequal amount in equal
intervals of time.
(iii) Average Acceleration If a body travels with uniform acceleration a1 and a2 in time t1 and t2, respectively, then the average acceleration can be
Written as a=a1t1 + a2t2 / t1 + t2
(iv) Instantaneous Acceleration Acceleration at any instant of time is known as instantaneous acceleration.
•If the velocity of an object decreases with time its acceleration is negative otherwise it is positive.
•Negative acceleration is also called retardation or deceleration Velocity and acceleration of an object need not be zero Simultaneously.
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