QUANTITIES
•Physical quantities which have only magnitude but no direction are called scalar quantities. e.g.,mass,speed,volume, work, time, power, energy, etc.
•Physical quantities which have both magnitude and direction and obey all the of vector algebra are called vector quantities.
e.g., displacement, velocity,acceleration,
Force,momentum, torque, etc.
Representation of a Vector
Any vector r can be written as r=xi+i+zk where, i, j and k are unit vectors along the perpendicular axes OX, OY and OZ, respectively.
The magnitude of vector r is given by| r | = √x2+y2+z2
Product of Vector Quantities
(I)Scalar product or Dot product The scalar product or dot product of two vectors A and B is defined as the product of the magnitude of two vectors A and B and the cosine of the angle between them.
A.B = AB cos 0(thita)
where, A is magnitude of A and B is the magnitude of B.
(ii) Cross product or Vector product The cross product or vector product of two vectors A and B is defined as the product of the magnitude of vectors A and B and sine of the angle between them.
A x B=AB sin 0(thita)n
where, n is a unit vector perpendicular to A and B.
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